If you notice diarrhea in broilers, you must immediately take measures, as the main reason is infection. Pathogens are rapidly transmitted from one bird to another, which is fraught with the defeat of all individuals. From this article you will learn how to determine the type of diarrhea, how to treat it and what to do in order to prevent it.
Types of diarrhea in broilers and their features
Diarrhea can be caused by helminths and other bacteria or natural causes, on which the type of disease depends:
1 Salmonellosis
When a bird is affected by salmonella, feces differ in a whitish hue and foam structure. Bacteria are transmitted to chickens from an adult chicken or through a common feeding trough, drinking bowl.
In individuals, increased lethargy, loss of appetite, impaired coordination of movements are noted. If it is a chicken, it begins to lag in growth, if an adult chicken - carries fewer eggs. The bird becomes inhibited and inactive, breathing is frequent with snoring.
2 Helminthiasis
This helminthic infestation is the most common cause of diarrhea. A distinctive feature is the apparent visibility of helminths. The symptoms are identical to the previous disease.
3Pullor infection
With pullorosis, white feces are found. The disease is very dangerous for the human body, so treatment is started immediately.
4 Pasteurellosis
It has a different name - bird cholera. The disease develops very rapidly, leading to the death of the entire flock.
Special symptoms are fever, feces with a green or brownish tint. Mucous sputum is released from the sinus. You can get infected from sick birds, rodents and bloodsuckers (mosquitoes, etc.).
5 Coccidiosis
It is rarely found in the initial stages, but you need to pay attention to such signs:
- ruffled feathers;
- brown stool;
- foaming structure of feces;
- the presence of blood clots;
- swelling of the goiter;
- growth arrest of chickens;
- pallor of scallops;
- increased thirst.
Treatment involves a predominantly integrated approach. Exacerbation is observed in autumn or spring. It is important to uncleanly clean the chicken coop and plant the diseased individual from the rest of the birds.
6 gastritis and other types
This disease occurs in broilers with improper nutrition and diet. Symptoms are the same as in humans. The main symptoms are pain syndromes and colic.
Quite often, diarrhea begins with spring vitamin deficiency, when the bird lacks vitamins and minerals. Possible infection with simple parasites. This disease is called eimeriosis.
Causes of occurrence
The main factors and causes of diarrhea:
- Low grade feed and vitamin deficiency. In this case, diarrhea occurs in almost all birds from the same house.
- An overdose of fortified foods.
- Overeating.
- A sharp change in diet.
- Poisoning by toxins, cigarette smoke, chemicals, galvanized or copper utensils. Also, intoxication occurs against the background of eating poisonous vegetation - celandine, buttercups, milkweed.
- Ingestion of foreign objects.
- Infection with pathogenic bacteria.
- Polluted house.
- Hypothermia leads to a decrease in immunity and an increased risk of infection.
- Colds due to drafts, high humidity.
- Stressful conditions of detention. It can be a fright, a sharp change of place of stay.
Signs
The symptoms of various broiler diseases may differ slightly from each other, but in general, the following symptoms appear:
- increased lethargy, lack of activity;
- the duration of loose stool is at least two days;
- unnatural color of feces - with a green, white, brown or yellow tint;
- the consistency of the litter is often foamy in nature;
- body temperature may rise;
- poor coordination of movements;
- decreased appetite;
- blood clots are possible;
- paw swelling - swelling.
If these signs are found, you should immediately contact your veterinarian, since an important part of successful therapy is the accurate diagnosis of the disease and etiology of the origin of the pathogenic microorganism. Before going to the veterinary clinic, you need to collect feces for further laboratory research.
Possible complications and consequences
The most dangerous complication is the death of the entire flock, so sick birds need to be separated from healthy ones. Some types of parasites pose a threat to human health, for example, a person can easily become infected with salmonella. Therefore, in contact with animals and their litter, feeders, drinking bowls, it is necessary to use protective equipment - rubber gloves, a medical mask, work clothes. If you do not get rid of the disease in a timely manner, it becomes chronic, which is difficult to get rid of.
How to treat diarrhea in broilers?
The treatment of bird diarrhea should be handled by a qualified veterinarian after a thorough examination of feces and identification of the main causative agent of diarrhea. The doctor prescribes the separation of the affected individuals from the main pack. After transplanting the birds, it will be necessary to disinfect the entire room (the chicken coop and places for walking), as well as drinking bowls, feeders, work equipment.
Therapy features:
- In case of unbalanced nutrition, the farmer should reconsider the diet of birds, replacing the old feed with a new, improved one, with the addition of vitamins and minerals.
- Broilers need a sufficient amount of water, which must be clean and necessarily drinkable. Drinkers should also be cleaned as much as possible.
- Straw, chalk and gravel are introduced into the diet.
- It is useful for chickens to give regular activated charcoal or other absorbents, which makes their condition easier - pain and discomfort stop.
- It is recommended to add a solution of potassium permanganate in a weak concentration to drinking water at the initial stages of treatment.
- When infection is prescribed drugs based on enzymes and probiotics. Especially if the litter has a brownish tint.
- To restore the intestinal microflora give sour milk products (natural, not store). Most often it is homemade yogurt (sour milk).
- It is advisable to add a weak solution of manganese to the water or replace it with a decoction of pharmaceutical chamomile.
- Nonspecific treatment begins after the onset of the first symptomatology. After receiving the test results, the veterinarian prescribes the drugs.
- Using the above-mentioned means, solder the birds for at least a week.
- If medicines are prescribed in the form of a powder or tablets, they are added to feed or drink. Accordingly, the tablets are pre-ground to a powder state.
- When infected with helminths, the doctor prescribes funds based on sulfanilamide. It should also be antibiotics.
- Broilers should be kept in a warm room, the litter should be dry all the time.
Used drugs:
- Chloramphenicol. Most often used for salmonellosis. For 100 ml of water you will need only 1 tablet. The medicine is given from 3 to 4 times a day and make sure that broilers drink it.
- With pasteurellosis and pullorosis, Furazolidone is prescribed. Feature of application - the dose is selected based on the age category of the bird. So, 10-day-old chickens need to be given 0.02 grams of the drug per 10 broilers. For two-week-old individuals, the dosage is increased to 0.03 grams; for an adult population, 0.04 grams are diluted in water.
- With coccidiosis, Coccidinum is recommended, which must be added to the feed. They treat according to the scheme: 250 grams of powdered preparation is put on the first 5 days per 1 kg of compound feed, then during the week they add exactly 2 times less (125 grams each). Replace this medicine with drugs such as sulfadimezin and zolen.
- With histomonosis, Metronidazole is prescribed. The duration of the course is 5 days. For 1 kg of bird weight, 25 mg of the drug should be put.
- Other drugs: Biomycin, Flosan, Biseptol.
The drug is selected based on the type of diarrhea pathogen. Some drugs are administered intramuscularly.
Preventive measures
In order to prevent infection, it is necessary to follow preventive recommendations, which include such measures:
- Dilute water or feed with activated charcoal periodically.
- About once a week, give a decoction of rice groats.
- Be sure to disinfect the feeders, drinking bowls, equipment and premises every day.
- Look through bird litter throughout the day - they should be as dry as possible. Change if contaminated.
- Make sure that chickens do not trample on the litter - remove it in a timely manner.
- Renew drinking water twice a day.
- Handling the inventory with which you clean the chicken coop is just as important as brushing your teeth and washing your hands. Because it is he who can become a carrier of infection. It is best to wash it, and then treat it with a blowtorch.
- Many pathogenic bacteria carry bloodsucking and other insects, so treat the entire livestock with special agents against ticks, lice, fleas and other things.
- Every six months, you need to enter anthelmintic drugs.
- For broilers, you need to create special corners for hygiene procedures (clean the plumage). To do this, separate a small area, cover it with ash and sand.
Timely vaccination:
- For 4 days after the birth of the chicken, the first administration of antibacterial agents is carried out. Usually this is Enrosol.
- To strengthen the immune system and saturate the bird's body with vitamins, give Chiktonik in the form of a solution. This should be done on the 7-9th day after birth, 16-17 and 29-32.
- After 10 days of chicken life, Baykoks is used.
- On the 27th day, a vaccine against Newcastle disease is injected into or into the sinuses.
- After 60 days, oral vaccination against helminthiasis is carried out - Promectin is used.
The key to good bird health is clean living conditions and vaccination. Remember that it is much easier to prevent infection with parasites than to get rid of them later. Thus, you will protect not only broilers, but also your own health, as many helminths infect a person.
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Russia. City: Zheleznogorsk
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