Today, there are a huge number of effective and good fertilizers that help to significantly increase the yield of potatoes, improve its appearance and accelerate growth. Among such a wide selection, it is not always possible to find the best remedy by testing popular drugs in action. Only the best fertilizers among the popular varieties are considered below.
Why fertilize potatoes?
Most gardeners are accustomed to the fact that it is impossible to grow a crop without fertilizers. Potatoes consume nutrients very intensively due to a weakened root system and large tubers. In the autumn, when harvesting, most of the useful fertilizers are removed from the soil. Due to this, it is very important to make up for losses during landing in the new season. Otherwise, the harvest will be less and less every year.
A few weeks before planting potatoes, it is advisable to sow siderates (plants that improve the composition and structure of the soil).
Organic Feeding
Many years ago, our ancestors used organic fertilizers to grow potatoes. In the application of organics, there are many undeniable advantages:
- Organic fertilizers are excellent for any type of soil, and have a beneficial effect on microorganisms that enrich the soil with humus. Organics gradually give away nutrients, due to which the soil is not oversaturated with nutrients.
- Organic micronutrients contain many trace elements - this contributes to a balanced diet, which is what the culture needs.
- Organics heals the soil as quickly as possible. Further, the gardener only needs to maintain her condition, without making much effort.
- Such fertilizers are absolutely safe and beneficial for any crop.
- The use of organic fertilizers provides potatoes with additional substances that strengthen the immune system of the plant, helping to resist diseases.
- Top dressing is good because the plant does not grow excessively and uncontrollably because of them.
But organic fertilizers have several disadvantages, they need to be taken into account:
- In some regions, it is very difficult to get organic food. For this reason, their cost is much more than the price of mineral fertilizers.
- Organics will work only if the soil contains microorganisms that can break down organic matter into useful elements.
- In the cold season, organic fertilizers do not release nutrients to the soil.
The best organic fertilizers are:
- Ash. It contains many useful components: phosphorus, potassium, calcium and other trace elements. This top dressing contributes to a significant reduction in soil acidity, which is especially important for potatoes, because land with a high acidity level is not suitable for it.
- Compost. It has useful properties. Available for self-cooking based on plant residues. If you add peat to the compost heap, the beneficial properties of top dressing will increase.
- Manure. Such top dressing consists of excrement of animals of agriculture. Horse and cow dung, chicken droppings are more often used. Manure is rich in nitrogen, potassium, calcium and phosphorus. It is considered one of the best fertilizers for potatoes.
Organomineral
Such fertilizers include organic substances and mineral compounds that are combined with them. Such fertilizers are considered the most effective, due to the fact that they contain all the necessary elements for plant nutrition and soil. Organomineral supplements increase fertility and productivity. Their price is quite affordable, gardeners widely use them. Organic, mineral fertilizers include liquid, humic and complex additives. Below are the best of them.
Joy Seedling fertilizer
Fertilizer containing potassium in large quantities - is used to feed potatoes and other crops. Suitable for use both in a standard way and for soaking seeds. This fertilizer nourishes well and in the future accelerates the germination of seeds several times. Also in the composition there is nitrogen, sulfur, magnesium, phosphorus, silicon, molybdenum, etc. There are salts in humic substances - their share is 2.7%. Before use, the product is diluted with water.
The supplement is sold in liquid form in a 330 ml bottle. Gardeners note that the use of Joy Lignogumat "Seedling" effectively accelerates the growth of seed germination, contributes to the good development of plants. Fertilizer can improve the quality of seeds, accelerate their growth. Fertilizer increases productivity, while its consumption is minimal. The average cost of fertilizer is 140-160 rubles.
Fertika organic-mineral mixture
Fertilizer for 18% consists of humate and in its composition there are many useful trace elements necessary for proper nutrition of plants. Fertika fertilizer is sold in granules, each of them has a full range of substances that ensure the active growth of potatoes.
The additive is used as the main application - 10-15 g is added to each well, about 30 g per 1 liter of water is consumed during irrigation. For bait several times a season, it takes 20-40 per 1 square meter. In the southern regions, fertilizer is used in February, in the middle lane - from early spring.
The gardener can choose a package weighing 900 g or 2.5 kg. Fertilizer is created for open and protected soil. According to reviews, one small package is enough for fertilizing 40 square meters of area. Fertilizer instantly affects the root system and soil.
The advantages include intensive stimulation of plant growth, improved soil quality, minimal waste, efficiency and good nutrition. The average cost of fertilizer is 290-300 rubles.
Gumi omi
Organomineral fertilizer was developed specifically for potatoes. It is also used for carrots and radishes. The substance helps to increase productivity, nourish the roots of plants, saturating them with useful elements, stimulating active growth. With its help, the quality of the soil is significantly improved.
Gumi Omi has protective functions. The main component is chicken manure, which goes well with useful trace elements: boron, copper and gumi. One package contains 700 grams of the supplement - it is enough to fertilize 10 square meters.
Fertilizer is used in the spring before planting, placing 20-40 grams in each well. It also serves as a top dressing once every two weeks before starting to set the bulbs. The shelf life of the fertilizer is 4 years.
The main advantages include the following points:
- has a natural composition;
- suitable for universal use;
- gardeners speak positively of him;
- ideal for potatoes;
- differs in low cost - 60-80 rubles.
Buysky fertilizers OMU "Potato"
Mineral fertilizer is one of the best for feeding potatoes. It contains phosphorus at a concentration of 6%, magnesium 6%, nitrogen 10%, potassium 16%. It is considered important that its composition does not contain chlorine harmful to plants. Sold in the form of granules. Distributed in small quantities. When planting per 1 hole, 10 grams of fertilizer is consumed, before hilling - 20 grams, while preparing the soil - 50 grams per 1 square meter are spent.
Shelf life of the additive is 5 years. Organomineral fertilizer improves plant metabolism, reduces the risk of infection with various diseases. The additive protects the culture from the negative effects of the environment. In one package 3 or 5 kilograms of substance. Due to slow spending, money is saved on the purchase of new packages.
Fertilizer has the following advantages:
- high efficiency;
- lack of chlorine in the composition;
- high content of useful elements;
- positive feedback from gardeners;
- convenient use;
- slow consumption;
- accelerate the growth and development of plants.
The average cost of fertilizer is 320-350 rubles, which is considered inexpensive if there is good weight in the package.
Mineral
This group of fertilizers has a good composition - such useful minerals as nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, copper, zinc and others are included in mineral additives.
Mineral fertilizing is with the content of one mineral - simple, or several at once - complex. They are convenient to transport, due to their compact appearance. Mineral fertilizers are used depending on the type of soil, mainly in the spring when sowing.
Folirus Bor
Fertilizer is intended for foliar top dressing of plants. This is a liquid substance introduced into the soil when there is a lack of boron. It is considered one of the best fertilizers for potatoes, because it actively fights against slow growth, helps to accelerate the formation of fruits, and to strengthen internodes. VNIIK studies have shown that the use of this fertilizer has an excellent effect on potato productivity, increasing the rate from 3 to 13%.
In a specialized store, a gardener can purchase Folirus Bor in a canister with a volume of 1 to 20 liters.
With a lack of boron, serious consequences are not excluded, the buds can die, flowering, bushiness will slow down, the flowers will begin to fall off. With the help of this fertilizer all these problems are solved. Experts recommend using it, as with a severe lack of boron, and in combination with other useful additives.
The advantages of Folirus Bora include a high concentration of the element, efficiency, affordable cost - about 350-400 rubles.
Bona Forte fertilizer for potatoes and root crops
This fertilizer is considered one of the best, due to the fact that it has a particularly useful composition. The following components are included in the preparation:
- potassium;
- phosphorus;
- molybdenum;
- nitrogen;
- manganese;
- magnesium;
- titanium;
- boron;
- bioavailable silicon.
The supplement contributes to the active reduction of nitrates in fruits. The fertilizer is intended for use at all stages of sowing, both in soil preparation and in planting potatoes. For feeding potatoes before flowering, they are used 1-2 times with an interval of one and a half to two weeks. About 2-3 grams of an additive are consumed per plant during planting. On average, one package is enough for fertilizing three hundred parts.
Bona Forte makes the soil structure better, helps to reduce the nitrate content, increase germination and increase the freshness of the crop, protect plants from negative effects, accelerate their growth.
Most of the components that make up the fertilizer are necessary for the full development of plants. Fertilizer is produced in packages weighing 2.5 or 5 kilograms. The average cost is 350 rubles.
Fertika Potato-5
This is one of the most popular mineral potato fertilizers. It is produced in the form of granules containing a complex of useful elements, including magnesium, sulfur and others. An important feature is the absence of chlorine. The fertilizer is intended for top dressing in the spring during planting and in the summer during the growing season. A specialized store offers packages weighing 2.5 and 5 kilograms. A small package is enough for several seasons, depending on the area sown. After applying Fertika, the growth of tubers is significantly accelerated and their quality improves.
There are several options for using fertilizer:
- When planting potatoes in the holes, distribute 15-20 g of fertilizer per plant or cover the soil during the growing season - 30-40 g of substance are consumed per 1 bush.
- In early spring, spread fertilizer around the plot - 70 grams of Fertika leaves for 1 square meter. This is required for proper soil preparation and saturation with its useful elements.
The main advantages of fertilizer is its low cost - about 350 rubles, high quality, efficiency, low consumption, useful elements in the composition.
Complex fertilizers
Complex fertilizers contain two or three essential nutrients, some are also supplemented with trace elements. This is a plus and minus, because, despite the fact that there is no need to purchase several different packages and mix the required amount from each, the percentage of different elements may not correspond to the needs of potatoes. It is known that nitrogen is introduced in the spring, and potassium and phosphorus in the autumn. Because of this, phosphorus-potash fertilizers are developed and are being implemented today, presented in the table below:
Name | Phosphorus | Potassium content | Other items |
Agrofoska | 15% | 4% | magnesium 3%, calcium 25% |
Potassium monophosphate | 52% | 34% | |
Ecoplant | 6% | 35% | sulfur 1%, magnesium 9%, calcium 13% |
Fall | 5% | 18% | boron 0.2%, magnesium 2.5%, calcium 8% |
In addition to the season of application, the peculiarity of phosphorus-potash fertilizers is in the depth of incorporation. Potassium and phosphorus contribute to the formation of strong compounds with substances in the soil, remain in the same place where they were applied, do not disappear, like nitrogen, into the air, and do not evaporate deep into the rain water. If you spread fertilizers on the surface, there will be no result. Complex fertilizers are applied immediately to the root zone during digging or put when landing on the bottom of the hole.
The table below shows nitrogen fertilizers:
Name | Nitrogen content | Phosphorus | Potassium content |
Nitroammofoska | 17% | 17% | 17% |
Nitrophoska | 11% | 10% | 11% |
Nitrophos | 23% | 17% | — |
Diammophos | 18% | 46% | — |
Ammophos | 9-12% | 42-52% | — |
The best of complex fertilizers containing nitrogen is Nitroammofoska, due to the fact that it has a balanced composition. The rest need some changes, that is, an additional introduction of some element. For example, in Diammophos and Ammophos, 3-4 times more phosphorus than nitrogen, although potatoes need equal proportions of these elements. There is no potassium at all in such fertilizers.
It is especially convenient to use fertilizers designed specifically for potatoes. They simultaneously contain organically and minerals, as well as trace elements. The best fertilizers include Fertika, Gumi-Omi, Siberian Athlete and others. The only drawback is the large consumption, which affects the total cost of fertilizer - 7-8 kilograms per one hundredth.
Root dressing
Root top dressing is applied after light cultivation and before hilling bushes. So they get to the roots of plants much faster, especially if the plants are well watered after application. For root top dressing, the following substances are considered more effective:
- Bird droppings. This is a very aggressive fertilizer, but sometimes it is used even fresh, diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10. Fertilizer is introduced into the trenches between the rows of culture.
- Mullein infusion. In 10 l of water, 1 l of fresh mullein is diluted, insist it for several days. Top dressing is watered between rows of plants.
- Urea. Under one bush make 500 ml of the composition prepared from 10 l of water, 20 g of urea is diluted in it. Bushes are watered under the root after light loosening.
- Mineral fertilizers. These include various agrochemicals, for example, a solution of ammonium nitrate - per 10 liters of water 20 g. Occasionally a mixture of potash, phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers is used in a ratio of 2: 1: 1 (per 10 liters of water 25 g). 500-1000 ml of solution is poured under one bush.
What is better as a fertilizer for potatoes: urea or ammonium nitrate? Read the details here.
Experienced gardeners recommend the use of complex fertilizers in which there is no chlorine for early potatoes.
Potato foliar top dressing
Plants need top dressing throughout the growing season. For the first time, it is very important to top dress after weeding potatoes. This is done in the evening to exclude the possibility of leaf burns.Occasionally, dressing is done in the morning, when the sun has not yet risen.
There are such types of foliar top dressing:
- Nettle infusion. The stems and leaves of nettle contain many substances necessary for potatoes: iron, potassium, nitrogen, calcium. It is not difficult to prepare the infusion: grind 1 kg of nettle, pour 3 liters of water. The composition is left for a day, filtered, after which 30 g of laundry soap is added to it. Begin spraying.
- Phosphoric. It is carried out after flowering, about a month before harvest, using superphosphate. For this, 100 g of substance is diluted in 10 liters of water - this will be enough for 10 square meters.
- Urea. The composition is prepared as follows: 100 g of urea, 150 g of potassium monophosphate, 5 g of boric acid are diluted in 5 l of water. If desired, the addition of boron, zinc, copper, manganese or cobalt is possible at the rate of 1 g per 10 liters. The first spraying is carried out 2 weeks after germination. After another 14 days, the treatment is repeated. The following dressings are added every two weeks, before the potatoes begin to bloom.
If you manage to properly feed the potatoes, high yields are ensured, and obtaining fruits with excellent taste and marketable appearance.
Growth stimulants
Mineral fertilizers contribute to the nutrition of potatoes - they include elements that act as building materials for the future harvest. There are also growth stimulants that increase resistance to diseases and adverse conditions, accelerating metabolic processes. They affect potatoes like vitamins per person. When treated with growth stimulants, productivity increases by 10-30%. There are some of the best potato stimulants available.
Epin
It has a pronounced anti-stress effect - it helps the potato to endure sudden changes in temperature, drought, lingering cloudy weather; increases resistance to diseases. Increased productivity leads to the fact that tubers grow faster. Increases productivity by 15-30%.
Epin is designed to process seed tubers several hours before planting. 1 ml of stimulant is consumed per 1 glass of water - this is enough to process 50 kg of potatoes. Also, the procedure is carried out at the beginning of flowering - 1 ml of Epin leaves for 5 liters of water. If plants suffer from frost, drought, or lack of sunlight, they are sprayed every 7-10 days until the weather or condition of the plant improves.
Gibbersib
The drug helps to increase the resistance of the culture to pathogenic microorganisms - bacteria, fungi, viruses. This is an excellent prevention of common scab, late blight, leaf spot and other potato diseases. It guarantees an increase in productivity by 15-30%.
The manufacturer recommends spraying the plants during the buds, flowering and after. The disadvantage of the drug is that it quickly decomposes in the sun, potato processing should be carried out in the evening. For 2 liters of water they spend 0.1 g.
Silk
It is the best natural stimulant with a pleasant coniferous aroma. Increases productivity by 25-30%. Its composition includes needles, which acts as the main active substance.
Fir extract has a beneficial effect on potatoes:
- helps to survive in extreme situations;
- stimulates plant growth;
- increases resistance to diseases.
Also in the composition are dietary supplements and natural triterpene acids. Because of this, it is necessary to work very carefully with Silk, so as not to accidentally burn your skin. The drug is produced in bags, with a volume of 1.5 ml - it is dissolved in 200 ml of hot water (about 60 degrees), then seed tubers are moistened with a solution.
In the summer, spraying is carried out with a solution prepared slightly differently - a package of the drug is dissolved in 1.5 liters of water. Spraying is carried out twice: during budding and during flowering.
Poteytin
If potatoes are treated with Poteytin, seedlings appear 7 days earlier than those that are not processed. The stems grow powerful, the potato manages to better tolerate the attack of pests and the development of various diseases. Increases productivity by 16-24%.
It is advisable to spray tubers three times: before germination, planting and laying for storage. 750 ml of water consumes 1 ml of stimulant. During the budding period, the same solution is prepared, but in other quantities - per 10 l of water, 1 ml of Poteytin.
Bioglobin
An effective Ukrainian drug rich in proteins that stimulate cell division. The additive acts within 24 hours, but during this period the potato cells divide twice. The root system grows 4 times, and productivity - 2 times. At the beginning of vernalization, a month before planting, tubers need to be soaked in the solution for half an hour - 2.5 g of Bioglobin is consumed in 10 liters of water. This leads to an increase in the eyes, a quick shoot of potatoes.
Next, the emerged seedlings are sprayed with the same solution, after a day they are covered with earth. Two more treatments will help fix the result: 21 days after the appearance of repeated shoots, at the end of flowering. It is permissible to combine bioglobin with fungicides, potassium permanganate, foliar top dressing.
Biological fertilizers for potatoes
When using biological products, the application of mineral fertilizers is still required. The purpose of using biological fertilizers is to populate the soil and compost with active bacteria, they will already help those that are, process organic residues into humus. At the same time, these microorganisms enter the concrete struggle for nutrition with pathogenic fungi and viruses. This helps to improve the structure of the soil, it is saturated with organic matter, thereby increasing the immunity of potatoes, and productivity increases several times.
Baikal EM 1
Baikal EM 1 is a popular drug that is popular with many gardeners and gardeners. This is the best biological fertilizer to saturate potatoes with useful elements. To prepare the solution, a working concentrate is diluted in a ratio of 1: 1000, a kind of mash is made from the masterbatch. To do this, pour 2 tablespoons of uterine Baikal EM 1 into 4 liters of warm boiled water, add 40-80 g of honey or molasses. Next, the composition is removed for 7 days in a warm place.
Starting from the second day, you need to open the lid daily to evaporate carbon dioxide. Next, the solution is ready for use: seed tubers are soaked in it, they spray the soil 14-20 days before planting. Also, the solution is used for processing potato bushes and soil under them: after emergence, before the first hilling, during the appearance of buds.
It is not recommended to purchase ready-made Baikal EM 1 concentrate, which has been stored in the store for more than 4 months. Most likely, living bacteria have already died in it. It is better to buy a mother liquor for self-preparation of fresh concentrate.
Radiance 1 and Radiance 2
The preparations are similar in action to the biological fertilizer Baikal EM 1. Vegetable growers claim that Radiance is no less effective, but not so convenient to use. The advantage of such a substance is that you rarely see a fake, in contrast to Lake Baikal, advertised and in demand.
The increase in productivity will provide spring and autumn tillage with a working solution. When planting, you need to arrange the tubers in the holes, pour the Radiance solution in a ratio of 20-60 g per 10 liters of water, then fill it with earth. In the period from emergence to the end of flowering, top dressing is done every week, alternating two preparations Radiance 1 and Radiance 2. The solution is prepared in a ratio of 40 g of substance per 10 liters of water. Preparations are sold in the form of concentrates, they need to be diluted and fermented.
To improve the "health" of potatoes it is necessary to fertilize it regularly. Often gardeners do not feed, fearing that root crops will absorb a lot of chemistry. But there are better, proven fertilizers for potatoes that help increase yields.
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