Cold-resistant and unpretentious turnip variety tolerates cold and drought, develops and bears fruit with golden yellow root crops, even in low light conditions. You can use them fresh in winter and summer. What is worth knowing about this culture, and how to properly grow it on your site, read on.
Turnip Petrovskaya
Turnip Petrovskaya has a dense crisp flesh
Turnip Petrovskaya sweet without bitterness
Grade description
Turnip Petrovskaya 1 was bred in 1937 by breeders of the Gribovsky experimental station, which was later renamed the Federal Scientific Center for Vegetable Production. In the State Register of Plants of the Russian Federation, the variety is listed since 1950. Its characteristics are presented in the table:
Parameter | Description |
Ripening time | The variety is medium early - from the emergence of seedlings to the technical ripeness of root crops takes from 60 to 85 days. |
Region of growth | The culture is recommended for cultivation throughout the country, but it is best grown in the European part, and regardless of the seeding season. In Siberia, early sowing yields 1.5 times less crop than summer. |
Plant | The leaf rosette has a pressed shape and consists of short green leaves. They are cut into several parts:
2 months after planting, the leaves reach a height of 55-65 cm. Petioles of the plant are thin and green in color, but sometimes they are stained with anthocyanin, so they acquire a blue or purple hue. |
Roots | Petrovskaya F1 bears root crops with the following parameters:
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Application | Turnip is intended for fresh consumption in the summer and autumn-winter periods, but it can also be fermented, pickled, used in the preparation of soups and stews. |
Productivity | Fruits the plant amicably and abundantly, therefore, with 1 square. m beds on average, you can collect from 1.6 to 3.5 kg of root crops. Due to the short ripening season, the plot can be sown twice. |
Keeping | Root crops are distinguished by good slowness, but already in January or February they lose their original juiciness, aroma and taste. At the same time, they completely retain their commercial qualities and look absolutely fresh, as if they had just been collected from the garden. |
Sustainability | The culture tolerates cold, but does not tolerate negative temperatures. Frozen specimens are not suitable for long-term storage. The plant shows resistance to heat, but it is hygrophilous and, under conditions of insufficient watering, forms sluggish fruits. |
Sowing dates
According to the manufacturer's recommendations, you can sow turnips in 2 seasons:
- in spring (for summer consumption) - from the end of April to May 10, when the threat of freezing frost passes and the land dries up after the snow melts;
- in the summer (for autumn consumption and storage) - in June - July, in order to have time to collect fruits before the October cold.
Skilled gardeners sow seeds in a heated greenhouse in February.
Despite the general recommendations, when sowing, it is better to focus on specific climatic conditions and proceed from turnip preferences:
- the optimum temperature for crop growth is in the range + 15 ... + 20 ° C, but in the heat of + 30 ° C it will become fibrous and become bitter;
- young shoots withstand frosts to -4 ° C, and adult plants - up to -6 ° C, but at lower temperatures turnip forms a flower arrow and does not bear fruit.
Given these temperature nuances, two conclusions can be drawn:
- in regions with late and cold spring, turnips for summer consumption should be sown from mid-May to early June, and for the second crop in July;
- in the southern regions, the first crop can be sown already in early spring, and the second - in August.
Regardless of the timing of sowing, seeds must be sown directly in open ground in a seedling-free manner.
Where to sow turnips?
Variety Petrovskaya 1 grows well in sunny, well-lit and well-ventilated areas with deep groundwater, however, seeds can also be sown along the edges of beds to save garden area.
The soil must be fertile and non-acidic. Turnip responds well to sandy and light loamy soils. The following options are not allowed:
- sandy soil with a low boron content (voids form in root crops);
- heavy soils (flesh becomes bitter).
When choosing a site, it is equally important to take into account crop rotation rules, according to which turnips are best sown after such crops:
- legumes;
- nightshade (potatoes, peppers);
- cucumbers
- Luke;
- zucchini.
Turnips can be sown on the same site for up to 2 years in a row. It cannot be grown after related plants of the Cruciferous family. These include:
- cabbage;
- radish;
- radish;
- daikon.
After these crops, the soil is greatly depleted, and species pests can also remain in it.
The selected site must be properly prepared:
- From the autumn, dig deep, add humus (2-3 kg per 1 sq. M) and mineral fertilizers (10 g of potash, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers per 1 sq. M).
- In the spring, carefully dig up the area, remove all plant debris, level and roll.
Seed treatment
Before sowing, the seeds must be decontaminated, which is done in the following order:
- Seeds are wrapped in cloth or gauze folded in several layers.
- Dip the seeds for 10 minutes in warm (+ 50 ° C) water. To increase their germination capacity and get rid of possible infections, dilute wood ash in water (1 tbsp. Per 1 liter of water) or grated garlic (1 tbsp. Per 0.5 cups of water).
- Dry seed and mix with sand.
The consumption of treated seeds is approximately 2 g per 1 sq. m plot.
Sowing seeds
It is advisable to sow turnips in 3 rows, adhering to such a scheme:
- the distance between the grooves is 20-30 cm;
- row spacing - 8-10 cm;
- planting depth - 1-2 cm.
Before sowing, the bottom of the grooves should be sealed with a shovel cuttings, a piece of pipe or a bar, otherwise the seeds will fall inland. They can be sprinkled with table salt at the rate of 1 hour per 3 m to increase the sugar content of root crops and their taste. At the end of the groove, it remains to moisten with clean water or biological fertilizers with humus, among which:
- BioMaster;
- Biohumus;
- Humate potassium.
After sowing, grooves with seeds can be covered with humus or compost and dusted with ash against pests. Shoots form in 2-4 days.
Seeds can germinate at a temperature of + 2-3 ° C, but for further development, the plant needs to provide heat - not less than + 15 .... + 18 ° C.
Sowing Care
During the growing season for radish, you need to organize the right care - from watering to protection from various misfortunes.
Watering
Culture loves moist soil, so it must be regularly and abundantly watered, preventing the soil from drying out. In dry weather, the frequency of watering should be brought up to 2 times a day. Water consumption - 1-2 buckets per 3-5 square meters. m. With the growth of root crops, the bed should be irrigated 2-3 times a week at the rate of 10 liters of water per 1 sq. km. m
Turnip Petrovskaya is demanding on moisture, as its lack leads to the formation of excessively hard root crops with a characteristic bitterness.
Tillage
Wet soil should be regularly loosened and weeding from weeds. It will not be superfluous to mulch the soil with humus, compost or hay. This is an excellent measure that will prevent the rapid evaporation of moisture from the soil and will not allow root crops to acquire a bitter unpleasant taste.
Thinning
So that root crops can gain the necessary mass, seedlings need to be thinned out, adhering to such a scheme:
- In the phase of 2-3 real leaves - at a distance of 4-5 cm.
- 2 weeks after the first procedure, increase the intervals to 10-15 cm.
Top dressing
Turnip does not need intensive feeding due to the short growing season, but to obtain a high yield, you can take the following measures:
- in the phase of 2-3 real leaves, feed infusion of litter or nettle at the rate of 2-3 liters per 1 sq. m;
- prepare grooves along the rows, pour them with ash infusion (120 g per bucket of water, leave for 24 hours) and immediately bury;
- spray seedlings with Actellik or Fitoverm;
- add urea at the rate of 10-15 g per 1 sq. m with weak growth or yellowing of leaves;
- in poor soils 1-2 times per season to introduce complex fertilizers with a high content of boron, with a lack of which voids form in the roots and the flesh acquires an unpleasant taste.
Pest and disease protection
First of all, turnips must be protected from the cruciferous flea, which affects the culture already on the 3rd day of planting, when the first shoots appear. The pest gnaws on tender leaves and can empty the entire bed in a week. To prevent his attacks, you need to take such measures:
- pollinate the plant with ash through a double gauze bag;
- before loosening, sprinkle the area with deterrents - tobacco dust, mustard powder or ground pepper;
- remove all weed vegetation on the site;
- cover the young shoots with a protective film.
Such measures should be taken before the appearance of 4-5 true leaves, since developed, mature bushes are no longer afraid of fleas.
In addition to the cruciferous flea, for turnips, the following pests are dangerous:
- cabbage butterfly larvae;
- turnip whitefish;
- cabbage fly (spring, summer);
- stem nematode;
- wireworms;
- scoop (garden, cabbage).
To scare them away, turnip can be sprayed with tobacco solution or onion infusion. If they hit the planting and gnaw passages in the roots, then they will have to use insecticides (Eurodim, Akiba, Aktara, Actellik, Tabu, Prestige). Processing with chemicals should be done no later than a month before harvesting.
Among the diseases for turnips, the most dangerous are:
- Kila. The fungus infects the root system of the plant under conditions of high acidity or while maintaining the pathogen in the soil after the plants of the precursors. The tops will fade even with good watering, and the root crops are deformed and covered with cones.
Sick turnips must be removed from the garden, and the rest of the planting should be treated with a solution of potassium permanganate, ash or milk of lime. Saplings can also be poured with horseradish infusion (pour 400 g of leaves and roots into 10 liters of water, leave for 4 hours). - Fungal lesions. It can be rot (gray, white), powdery mildew, black leg or peronosporosis. With a small infection, Bordeaux liquid can be used, and with a strong one - fungicides (Skor, Previkur, Switch, Vectra).
- Mosaic. This is a viral disease that can not be treated, so diseased plants will need to be destroyed.
Prevention from any disease is to comply with the rules of crop rotation and agricultural technology.
Collection and storage of root crops
If the sowing of seeds was carried out in May, then root crops can be harvested from mid-July, and if in summer - until the end of autumn. When sowing seeds in August, they should be collected from the beds to frosts.
Root crops need to be dug up as they reach maturity and kept for several days in a ventilated area. Further, they can be sent for storage in the basement, previously laid in dense boxes and sprinkled with sand, ash or chalk. They can also be kept in bags with ventilation holes. The optimum temperature in the basement is no higher than 2 ° C. In such conditions, turnips will lie for 5-6 months. In the refrigerator, root crops can be stored for no more than 30 days.
Turnips planted in spring should be consumed fresh in the summer, and planted in the summer - in the fall and early winter.
Pros and cons of the variety
Turnip Petrovskaya 1 is appreciated by gardeners for the following advantages:
- brings large and even-sized root vegetables of the correct form with a pleasant sweet taste;
- fruiting amicably and abundantly;
- exhibits resistance to flowering;
- firmly tolerates the shadow;
- shows excellent keeping quality;
- served fresh, steamed or salted;
- due to rapid ripening, it can be present on the table in summer and autumn.
This variety is not without its drawbacks, which are as follows:
- does not tolerate subzero temperatures;
- during prolonged storage it loses its taste, although it retains its presentation.
Reviews about turnip Petrovskaya
Olga Andreevna, 51 years old. The second year I planted this variety in the garden. Shoots appear very quickly and after 2 months you can pick up juicy crispy root crops with a sweet taste and a weight of 60-150 g. I do not put them in storage, since only fresh turnips have excellent taste.
Margarita Vladimirovka, 46 years old. This domestic selection is one of the best that I have grown. For the first crop, I sow seeds in the ground in early May, and for the second crop in June. The ripe fruits of golden color in the mass reach 100-150 g. They have a very juicy and tasty pulp with a pleasant specific taste. We eat turnips whole family fresh and stewed.
Vera Petrovna, 48 years old. A great variety of turnips, which I grow almost every year, since it does not require special care - it is enough to water and loosen the bed abundantly. I use part of root crops immediately for cooking spicy dishes, and put the remaining turnips in storage in dry and clean sand. I use it until spring.
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Feedback on growing turnips Petrovskaya 1 is given in the video below:
Petrovskaya 1 is a turnip variety with tasty and beautiful root crops, which is appreciated by gardeners for their unpretentiousness in soil composition and climatic conditions, high yield and excellent taste. It is advisable to eat ripe root vegetables as soon as possible, as during long-term storage they will lose their taste and useful properties.